|
Henry Laurence Gantt, A.B., M.E. (; May 20, 1861 – November 23, 1919) was an American mechanical engineer and management consultant who is best known for developing the Gantt chart in the 1910s. Gantt charts were employed on major infrastructure projects including the Hoover Dam and Interstate highway system and continue to be an important tool in project management and programme management. == Biography == Gantt was born in Calvert County, Maryland. He graduated from McDonogh School in 1878 and from Johns Hopkins University in 1880, then returned to the McDonogh School to teach for three years. He subsequently received a Masters of Engineering degree in mechanical engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technology in New Jersey.〔Morgen Witzel (2005). ''Encyclopedia of History of American Management.'' p. 192〕 In 1884 he began working as a draughtsman at the iron foundry and machine-shop Poole & Hunt in Baltimore.〔Bernard C. Hilton (2005). ''A History of Production Planning and Control, 1750-2000,'' p. 64〕〔John Sheldrake (2003). ''Management Theory.'' p. 36〕 In 1887 he joined Frederick W. Taylor in applying scientific management principles to the work at Midvale Steel and Bethlehem Steel, working there with Taylor until 1893. In his later career as a management consultant and following the invention of the Gantt chart, he designed the 'task and bonus' system of wage payment and additional measurement methods worker efficiency and productivity. In 1916, influenced by Thorsten Veblen he set up the ''New Machine'', an association which sought to apply the criteria of industrial efficiency to the political process. With the Marxist Walter Polakov he led a breakaway from the 1916 ASME conference to discuss Gantt's call for socialising industrial production under the control of managers incorporating Polakov's analysis of inefficiency in the industrial context. Henry Gantt is listed under Stevens Institute of Technology alumni.〔''Stevens Institute Indicator,'' Vol. 25-26. (1908), p. 421〕 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) awards an annual medal in honor of Henry Laurence Gantt.〔(ASME Henry Laurence Gantt Medal ) Accessed April 7, 2007.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Gantt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|